Ketosis, a metabolic process by which your body uses predominantly ketones for energy (instead of glucose) has taken the nation by storm. This high-fat, moderate protein, low-carb diet is having a profound impact on many disease models and is proving to be an incredible tool for weight loss and improved body composition. Although the method is fairly simple, it is quite common that people will find their weight loss stalling… Welcome to a keto plateau. Today we are going to explore the key reasons your progress might stall while on a keto diet, and simple ways to break through them.

Keto Plateau:
Why Keto Stalling Happens and How to Stop It

The benefits of a ketogenic diet generally kick in very quickly; most people notice their body composition transforming dramatically within weeks. It can be frustrating, however, when all of a sudden your progress stalls, and you find yourself in a keto plateau. Let’s explore the many ways in which too much or too little of something can be the culprit, and how to continue striving towards your goals.

Why Does a Weight Loss Plateau Happen on Keto?

A weight-loss plateau on keto can occur for multiple different reasons, including:

• Too much or insufficient amounts of fat in the diet;
• Too much or too little exercise;
• Dehydration.

On top of addressing these issues, there are many tricks to break through a plateau, like using digestive enzymes and intermittent fasting.

Eating Too Much Protein, Or Not Enough Fat Can Cause a Keto Plateau

Keto stalling can occur if you’re on either end of the fat-consumption spectrum: you may be eating too much, or too little. A ketogenic diet is a high-fat, moderate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, and many people underestimate how much fat they need. A common ratio is 75-80% fat, 15-20% protein, and about 5% carbohydrates. Understanding how much fat your individual body needs is something only you can really figure out, through trial and error. A good place to start when you’re trying to incorporate more healthy fats into your diet is my 2-2-2 rule, which consists of adding the following to your daily diet:

• 2 tbsp of coconut or medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil
• 2 tbsp of grass-fed butter or ghee
• 2 tbsp of olive oil (or avocado oil)

Your daily fat intake should not be limited to these fats, but simply adding them in will ensure you’re taking in enough. For some people, the problem lies in eating too much protein (and often, this also means not enough fat). Protein is a great nutritionally dense macronutrient, but when you consume too much of it the body actually converts protein into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. Everyone’s protein tolerance on a keto diet is slightly different, and those exercising hard can generally tolerate a bit more. Remember, the keto diet is a high fat, moderate protein, low carbohydrate diet!

Exercising Too Much (or not enough) Can Cause a Keto Plateau

Exercise plays a vital role in an overall healthy-keto approach, by not only burning fat but also regulating hormones. Exercising too much can cause an excess of oxidative stress on the body, especially at a time when it is adapting to this new method of fuel (ketones, instead of glucose). Other harmful effects of too much exercise include:

• Hormone imbalances (especially depletion of testosterone)
• Poor sleep
• Brain Fog
• Irritability
• High blood sugar
• Weakened immune system
• Chronic stress-related symptoms

Exercising too fails to harness all the benefits that exercise has on your physiology, including:

• Increasing hormone sensitivity (especially insulin sensitivity)
• Increasing your resting metabolic rate
• Boosting Human Growth Hormone and IGF-1
• Boost brain health and memory
• Improved sleep quality
• Improved mood
• Stronger muscles and bones
• Better energy levels

Finding the right balance with exercise is much like finding the right balance for fat consumption: you need to explore your bio-individual needs. If you are exercising hard every day of the week, you are likely setting yourself up for a hormone imbalance like adrenal fatigue, especially if your sleep is suffering. My preferred method of exercise to pair with keto is burst-training. Burst-training (or high-intensity interval training) involves high-intensity bursts of exercise, followed by periods of rest, repeated a handful of times. Sprints are a great example of burst training, and an entire session can last about 20 minutes. Burst-training increases both aerobic and anaerobic fitness and is a great way to break through a keto-plateau.

Not Drinking Enough Water Can Cause a Keto Plateau

Staying hydrated is an important part of any healthy-eating plan or lifestyle. Upping your water intake is especially important as you start off on the keto diet to help your body transition into using a new energy source. You should opt for spring or properly filtered water, and make sure you’re consuming enough electrolytes as well. Adding a pinch of high-quality salt (sea or pink Himalayan) will help you stay properly hydrated and replenish mineral stores.

Other Causes of a Keto Plateau

Other possible factors contributing to keto stalling include:

• Neurotoxicity
• Food Allergies
• Parasites or SIBO
• Infections
• Severe hormone imbalances
• Staying keto (restricted carbohydrates) for too long (diet variation = hormone optimization)

If you are having trouble diagnosing the root cause of your keto stalling, consider working with me as your online diet coach, a service you can learn more about at DrPompa.com

How to Stop Keto Stalling

Preventing or stopping keto stalling requires a multi-therapeutic approach, and getting to know what works for your individual body. The foundation relies on diet and exercise, and by quantifying your habits, you’ll be able to better understand where you need to make changes.

Measure Your Diet & Exercise

Measuring your diet will require keeping track of what you’re eating, and breaking down the caloric intake into a macronutrient ratio. There are many apps out there that can help you better understand the breakdown of your foods, and with the time you will innately know without having to track everything. A standard keto macronutrient breakdown is 75-80% fat, 15-20% protein, and about 5% carbohydrates. By calculating your own individual resting metabolic rate (there are websites online that can help you do this using your weight and height), you can then create a 15-30% caloric deficit per day, and then calculate an approximate ratio of fat-protein-carb intake. You will also have to factor in your exercise and movement for the day. Exercise increases your resting metabolic rate, and different styles of exercise will create a variety of different short and long term impacts on calories your body burns. By incorporating burst-training (HIIT) into your routine (3-4x per week), you will maximize not only the metabolism-boosting benefits but also create hormone adaptation and optimization.

Use Digestive Enzymes

If you are having trouble digesting your high-fat meals, it’s possible that your body is having a hard time breaking down the fats. The solution to this (while your body adapts to its new fuel source) is to take a digestive enzyme that contains bile salts (ox bile), and lipase. Take digestive enzymes with each high-fat meal.

Intermittent Fasting

Those having a hard time keeping their food-intake low enough to lose weight on keto can benefit greatly from intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting (or IF) is the extended period of time between your last meal (before bed) and your first meal (after waking up). The benefits of intermittent fasting go far beyond natural caloric restriction and include:

• Improved body composition
• Increased hormone sensitivity (especially insulin sensitivity)
• Autophagy (cellular cleanup)
• Boosts longevity
• Supports a healthy microbiome

The minimum effective fasting window to see benefits on IF is 12 hours, but a 16-18 hour fasting window is suggested for optimal results. If you are new to IF, have breakfast at the same hour in the morning that you had dinner the previous night (i.e. 8 am breakfast if you had dinner at 8 pm). Slowly increase your fasting window (to an ideal 7 pm dinner, and 11 am breakfast, for example). You don’t need to use IF every single day to reap the benefits. Studies show that even 5 days per week generate the aforementioned results. A great tool is my 5-1-1 rule, that uses diet variation to boost hormone optimization.

• 5 days intermittent fasting + keto diet
• 1-day feasting (carb reload)
• total fasting (water only)

By keeping the body guessing, it is always adapting. By adapting, you’re preventing (or getting out of) that dreaded keto-plateau.

Dextrose & Keto Diets

Many people can have a hard time transitioning out of a conventional high-sugar diet into a low-sugar keto lifestyle. Dextrose (sugar) raises blood sugar levels, and will quickly knock you out of ketosis. While you transition out of a high-sweet palate, better alternatives to conventional sugar include:

• Stevia
• Erythritol
• Monk Fruit Sweetener (Lo Han/ Luo Han)
• Xylitol
• Yacon Syrup
• Inulin-Based Sweeteners
• Tagatose
• Mannitol
• Freeze-Dried Berry Powders
• Lucuma Powder

Sweeteners you will want to avoid on a keto diet include:

• Fruit juice
• Dried Dates and Figs
• Rice Malt Syrup
• Raw Honey
• Coconut Palm Sugar
• Maple Syrup
• Date Syrup
• Blackstrap Molasses
• High-Fructose Corn Syrup
• Conventional Sugar (White or Brown)
• Agave Syrup
• Artificial Sweeteners (like Aspartame)

Loose Stool & Diarrhea on Keto

If you’ve been eating a low fat and high carb diet for a long time and now are eating low carb and high fat, loose stools may occur temporarily. Up your healthy fat intake and loose bowels should dissipate as your body adjusts to the new way of eating.

Rashes on Keto

Some people suffer from rashes or itchy skin when they switch to a keto diet, that often develops on the chest, back, armpits, and sometimes the neck- generally in a symmetrical pattern. There is no hard science on the keto rash, but speculations suggest that it is caused by ketones in the sweat, perhaps as they dry on the body. Ways to cure the keto rash include:

• Dress appropriately: sweat-wicking fabrics, comfortable clothing, and avoid over-dressing (sweating).
• Shower: straight after exercise.
• Up your carbs: people with severe keto rashes have found salvation by increasing their carbs 50-100 grams, and opting for a low-carb diet instead of a strict keto diet.

Feeling Bloated on Keto

Bloating can occur on any diet, especially as your body transitions into a new way of eating. Ways to minimize bloating include:

• Drink more water
• Up your electrolytes
• Consume probiotic-rich foods (fermented foods like sauerkraut)
• Take a digestive enzyme
• Eat smaller meals
• Up your fiber intake (especially low-carb vegetables like leafy greens)

Summary

A keto plateau is when your ketogenic diet results begin to stall, and there are multiple ways to a breakthrough that includes finding your balance for fat consumption and exercise and staying hydrated. Other factors that contribute to keto stalling include neurotoxins, parasites, infections, food allergies, and hormonal imbalances. Ways to prevent keto stalling include measuring your diet and exercise regime, incorporating intermittent fasting, and using digestive enzymes with high-fat meals. You should also consider replacing dextrose-based sugars and artificial sweeteners with lower GI alternatives like Stevia and Erythritol. Keto rashes are likely caused by ketones in the sweat, which can be prevented with proper clothing, and post-exercise showers, or by increasing carb intake. You can reduce bloating by staying properly hydrated, upping your electrolytes, consuming probiotic-rich foods, eating smaller meals, and increasing your fiber intake.